MESA (Microsurgical Epididymal Sperm Aspiration) is a microsurgical procedure used to retrieve sperm in cases of male infertility. It is particularly recommended for men with obstructive azoospermia, where sperm is not present in ejaculate due to a blockage in the sperm ducts.
The MESA procedure is performed under general or local anesthesia. Using microsurgical techniques, the epididymis (a duct located at the upper part of the testis that carries sperm) is opened, and sperm samples are aspirated. The retrieved sperm is then sent to the laboratory for fertilization with eggs using the ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection) method in IVF treatment.
Compared to other sperm retrieval techniques, MESA allows for the collection of a higher quantity of high-quality sperm. Additionally, sperm cells obtained through MESA can be frozen for future treatments.
This method is an effective solution for men with congenital sperm duct blockages or those who have undergone procedures like vasectomy, which result in sperm transport issues.